To test out a diode, first
you will have to set your digital multimeter to the diode
setting, which is usually part of the Ohms (resistance) section on the meter.
If you are using an analog
meter, then set it to the lowest Ohms Ω setting.
You should now disconnect at
least one side of the diode if it is still in the circuit.
Finally check
resistance across the diode, then check again but swap your leads to the
opposite side they were on for the first reading. If you get an open (meter
doesn't move) one way, but some kind of reading the other way, then the diode is
good. If you get a reading (meter moves) both ways, then the diode is shorted.
If you get an open (no movement) both ways, then the diode is open.
A typical rectifier diode
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